Arrival

When we first arrived in Shirazi, a rural village my SIT Kenya program stayed at for 10 days, it was chaos. About 100 villagers swarmed around my classmates and me as we got off the bus, excited to inspect their new sons and daughters. Us wazungu (the Kenyan term for white people/foreigners) lined up, and our director called out the name of a host, and then a student. “Fatima,” he called, “and Eric.” I looked over and saw this old woman walk towards me. She would be my mama.

As we had been told to do, I went in for a hug. In Kenya, though, people hug the opposite way we do (going to the right instead of the left). As I hugged her, about 95 villagers laughed hysterically. Apparently I was doing something wrong–it was a great welcome to the village. My academic director handed me my mosquito net and 2 gallons of water. Things had just gotten real.

Mama and I walked about 5 minutes till we got to our house. It was a mud house with a roof made of palm tree branches. She showed me my room–it was clearly the master bedroom, and the only bedroom. It took up about 1/3 of the house.

After putting my stuff down in my room, she gave me the traditional African welcome of fresh, hot tea. In 95 degree weather. As I sat in the darkness of the house sweating and drinking my hot tea, Mama and I tried to communicate. But couldn’t. She spoke no English, and I spoke very limited Kiswahili. We sat there silently, staring at each other. Without a smart phone to look down at and pretend you’re texting, there’s no out during awkward situations. You just have to deal with them.

Then Baba (my homestay father) came over. He was an 81-year-old man, the elder of the village. Of course I only found this out a week into the homestay due to our communication barriers. Meanwhile, we smiled and stared.

Dinner came a little after. My mama was in the room next to me, leaning over the fire preparing something. I asked if I could help, but was told no. Men, she explained, were not allowed to be in the kitchen or help with household duties. For me, a boy who had grown up believing that all work should be shared between men and women, and that sitting while someone else is working for you is wrong, I felt almost as if I was betraying my values by not helping. But this was her house, not mine. So I sat still, trying to be culturally sensitive but feeling uncomfortable about doing so.

When dinner was ready, Baba and I sat on a mat on the floor. Sitting on the mat was a challenge, though. I was wearing a kikhoi, basically a man-skirt (we were told to buy clothes to make us look like culturally appropriate, but looked ridiculous both to us and to the villagers). I wore spandex underneath my kikhoi to make sure my inability to manage my kikhoi wouldn’t lead to more socially awkward situations, and had to learn from how my father sat down the proper way to sit without exposing yourself to the world.

Mama put a giant metal platter down in front of us with coconut rice and chicken. And a bowl of water next to us. Baba passed me the water, so I washed my hands. Both hands. Then he gestured to start eating. And I did. With both hands. Woops. Being overwhelmed, I naturally forgot that, in rural villages, it’s culturally taboo to eat with your left hand. Wipe with the left, eat wit the right. Baba stared at me. I got the hint.

As I started eating with my right hand, I dropped rice everywhere. Baba had this awesome balling technique down where he’d roll the rice and then eat it. I couldn’t seem to do it, so I just kept making a mess. Baba then pointed towards the chicken and grunted. I guessed I should have some?

I picked up a piece of chicken meat, and as I did so, I suddenly became aware of my surroundings. Sitting on the floor next to me was a live chicken. Not one, but 7. And about 10 chicks. I was about to eat their brother. Or father. Or mother. Who knows. All I knew is that I could feel their eyes on me. I’ve never been a vegetarian before, but I’m used to a separation between my meat and its production. Baba grunted again at the chicken, insisting that I take a bite. After all, eating chicken was a rare occasion in the household—it meant killing one, removing the family’s ability to get eggs. I took a bite. The chickens kept looking.

Baba and I ate as much as we could, and then Mama took the dish off the matt and called in my four sisters. She split whatever was left of Baba and my meal with them. From that point on I tried not to eat a lot, as I felt like the more I ate directly decreased the amount of food for everyone. Mama wasn’t okay with my doing this, though, and would often insist that I keep eating until she thought that I was full. Only then would she stop insisting that I eat, and take the food for herself and the girls.

After dinner, my brother (I use “brother” loosely here, as I found out at the end of the week that he was actually my “nephew”) came over and took me to the dock. About 70 people were there, filled with excitement. I asked him what was going on in my broken Kiswahili. Apparently, a fisherman from the village had drowned 2 days before, and someone had just finally found his body. We were waiting by the dock for them to pull it out of the water so we could see it. Kids were everywhere. People were everywhere. They kept craning their necks, staring at the ocean to see the fisherman’s body. Luckily for me, turns out that the body hadn’t been found. Unluckily for me, it would be found the next day, and I would see it at the funeral.

As my “brother” and I walked back to our home in silence, I looked up to the stars above me. They were brighter and clearer than I’d ever seen. Being out of my element, being across the world from my family and friends and everything I had ever known, I could finally take a deep breath. This was why I had left New York City and Columbia for 4 months. These experiences that I would never forget, these people who I was meeting and forming relationships with, this culture that was so foreign to me that I had to adapt to, this language that I had never heard until 3 weeks ago. The beauty of the Indian Ocean, the opportunity to live with nature in a way I never had before. This was my time to experience everything. This was my semester abroad.

The Laughing Gate in the Language Barrier

On the spectrum of first impressions, in the nebulous territory between repugnance and ubuntu, our meeting with our home stay mother, Regina Themi (R.T.) Mthembu, fell somewhere in the middle. We greeted each other at the threshold of their household, at the doorstep where our entrance intersected with her exit. A woman of sturdy figure and stern features, Mama Mthembu received us with a simple handshake and “Hello” that was neither warm nor unwelcoming. We sat down on adjacent couches and attempted a brief conversation, giving our names, ages, and wholesale praise of South Africa. None of our words seemed to incite more than a simple nod and in the lag time between topics, I was overcome with anxiety to fill the silence with anything, anything, that might break the ice. The result was many start-and-stop, touch-and-go attempts at conversation that went something like the following:

“So Mama, where do you work?”

“I’m a community health worker.”

“Okay, so you’re a nurse?”

“No, I’m a community health worker.”

“Oh.”

After watching gospel performances on a fuzzy television screen, the heat of the afternoon drew us out of doors. Mama wore a plaid skirt cut modestly below the knee and a wooden expression on her face that gave little indication as to her thoughts or feelings. We sat gingerly across from her on grass mats, sweat soaking through our clothing, socks pulled high as tick proofing, and smelling of sun tan lotion. Our mission, over the course of the next week, was to cross the gulf that spanned between us, but my tongue felt anchored to the silence that now hung in a bloated shape above our hands. It was a deafening silence, the kind that echoes loudly in the gap where certain conversations should have been taking place and where the inevitable process of “getting-to-know-you” should have commenced. Where was the storytelling? The cultural exchange? The myth busting? Instead, we nibbled on lemon biscuits. They were the same lemon biscuits I was offered my first evening in Cato Manor and tasted just as delicious, though eaten without the same eager bout of talking and smiling that seemed untoward in this new environment. Here, the loudest voices to be heard were the chickens screeching in the backyard.

And then the unexpected happened. Mama’s keen eyes narrowed in on a portion of Elizabeth’s jeans peaking out from beneath her wrap skirt. Instantly, her stoic expression of the afternoon dissolved into a burst of laughter that transformed her features: eyebrows drawn upwards and outwards into curves, eyes brightened, and mouth opened into a beatific smile that was a mixture of surprise and amusement. While our cover was blown in one fell swoop of American-made blue jean, the blunder only seemed to draw us closer. Mama was laughing. We were laughing. And of all the sentences we had half-heartedly put forward, reaching and stretching for that one thing at whose mention we could all latch on to, laughter seemed the most natural topic of conversation.

As a student abroad, one is trained to approach any and all environments with respect, to be mindful of what is said and done, and to consider the meaning of our actions in a new context. As a result, I often find myself treading cautiously and expunging my statements of the slightest hint of political incorrectness, to ensure they were as mild as mealie meal. The rural home stay, I thought, would require even greater cultural sensitivity. We had resigned ourselves to a week of greasy hair. We had brushed up on our Zulu vocabulary. We had been forewarned by Shola, Langa, and John to keep an open mind and had taken their message of tolerance to heart.

In spite of this, or maybe because of it, the cracks in your personhood can never be entirely filled. Little pieces of yourself will always seep through: a piece of denim, for example, or the consumption of pap with a fork, eating the skin of potatoes but not of mangoes, calling a torch a “flashlight” and a line a “queue,” and not know the Afrikaans verse of N’Kosi Sikeleil iAfrika. No matter how much Elizabeth and I tried and despite every intention that felt mindful to its core, we could not help but let our American trappings make an appearance every now and then. And whenever they did, in a flare of red, white, and blue cluelessness, they rarely had the polarizing, “us” vs. “them” effect I once feared. More often than not, they would earn one of Baba’s roaring belly laughs, another rare smile from Mama, or have our little brother Sbo in stitches.

In this way, laughter became a recurring feature of our family dynamic. The Zulu-English language barrier might have expedited this habit. The Mthembu family might have always been this jovial. We didn’t know. All we knew was that if you attempted to build a house of cards, Mama would pretend to be gust of wind about to blow them down. Or that if you struck up a round of “Shosholoza,” whoever was in the vicinity would follow in merry suit. What began with blue jeans snowballed into a week of tomfoolery that depended almost entirely on non-verbal communication. Sbo and I danced to Rihanna songs in the kitchen. No one, it turns out, knew the Afrikaans part of the national anthem. Mama would regularly make animal noises while passing by our window—at times a growling lion and one morning, hissing like a snake while her hand slithered between the curtains. One particular evening, sitting beneath the stars, I began beating my toothbrush like a drumstick to a beat. Dum dum-dee-dum dum-dee-dum. Without a moments hesitation, Sneh plucked a can lid off the ground and tapped it against the wall in an interstitial rhythm. Plink-plinkity-plink-plink-plink. Elizabeth took up clapping. Bum-bop-bum-bop. Our impromptu three-man percussion group carried on into the night, a word-less conversation of sound.

Getting to know someone takes time. Words have to be earned and stories coaxed from their teller with patience and trust. It’s understandable to want to develop a rapport with one’s home stay family, but I have realized that there is a process that must be honored. To my great surprise, I discovered that a lot could be learned about a person by helping them make curry, how they move, think, and interact with others. It might lead to a conversation about Zulu cooking or food insecurity, but if it does not, that does not detract from the value of having spent time together. Despite what our university education might dictate, words are not essential outside the classroom. In many ways, going without them allows one more ample opportunity to listen, observe, and simply be aware of one’s surroundings. Information is still being exchanged, if only in a different form, and meaning can certainly read in the silence.

During his keynote speech at the Time of the Writer festival, Justice Albie Sach’s embedded the story of losing his arm to a car bomb with wisecracks. He pointed to the road of humor that runs through democracy, and commented, with a mixture of light-hearted profundity, “I joke, therefore I am.” It would be unwise to underestimate the good judgment of a person such as Justice Sachs and I for one have resolved to no longer underestimate the power of a good belly laugh ever again.

By Emily Kwong

 

Religious tolerance

Before going to Senegal, there were several questions in my mind concerning what life would be like for me as a Christian minority in a predominantly Islamic country. Senegal is a Muslim country with pockets of Catholics and even smaller pockets of Jewish people. I quickly realized that there was very little tension between these smaller pockets and the larger Muslim community. My experience with both of my host families (both of whom are Muslim) reaffirmed my view of Senegal as a country with high religious tolerance. I was never pressured about my religion in any way by my families and their friends, and they were quick to inform me of different catholic churches that I could attend nearby. Yet, while different religions are accepted, a lack of religion/beliefs was a contentious issue in Senegal. While discussing religion with one of my friends he told me that any god or gods are okay in his book, in fact “you can believe in a tree if you want to- as long as you believe in something”. Atheism and agnosticism are more foreign concepts that do receive criticism. For that reason, a couple of the agnostic or atheist students in our program found ways around telling their families about their belief or just lied.

Man controls time

In Senegal there is a saying that basically states that man controls time, not the other way around. This concept of time manifests itself in the Senegalese’s’ rather lax regard to deadlines, start/end times, time limits, etc. I have never been the most punctual person in the pack so adjusting to the Senegalese’s treatment of time was not too difficult. However, even for the non-punctual American like myself, I was still amazed at the widespread disregard for punctuality. On several occasions my microfinance professor showed up 20 or 30 minutes late. I would make dates with friends to go out and they would show up an hour or so after the agreed upon time. I quickly learned that the tardiness is not a sign of disrespect. My friends would show up late because they ran into another friend on the way and had a 30 minute conversation with them before continuing on their way. Or unexpected business came up in the home that they needed to help with. In the United States (and many other western countries) we feel controlled by time and we do everything by the clock. The time dictates what we can or cannot do. For example if I am running late to a class and I see a friend along the way, I give a quick wave or hello and keep it moving. Such behavior does not make sense to the Senegalese. After all, they ask, who created this sense of time? After spending four months in Senegal, I started asking the same question. For some foreigners in Senegal, the Senegalese’s conceptualization of time may be stressful but for me it became a breath of fresh air.

Giving and Receiving

In the U.S. I was taught at a young age that “Sharing is caring” and that “It could be fun”, by my favorite PBS show. However, our concept of sharing and the things that are acceptable to share are different than those in Senegal. For example, in my dorm room refrigerator, for example, items that I bought or placed in the fridge are for myself only. This is typically understood without even discussing it with other floor or suitemates. I have the option of sharing but it’s not a pressing obligation. I found that this privatization of items like food is completely foreign to Senegalese culture. Food on the table or food in the refrigerator is basically for all who enter that house. Instead of focusing on the separation between ‘mine’ and ‘yours’ there is a keener focus on ‘our’. For both of my homestays, my family made it clear that anytime I wanted to eat or wanted something to drink all I had to do was get it, or ask someone in the family for it. They did not want me to worry about who purchased it or who it was meant for. It didn’t matter. And if there wasn’t anything of substance in the house, or neighbor’s’ refrigerator became ours as well! This went both ways, however. I could not enter the house with some chocolaty treats, or jewelry purchases from the market without giving something to my sisters or mother. Just as giving is important, so too is receiving. The culture of reciprocity is strong in Senegal and it reinforces a strong sense of community. I found this to be true in both the big city (Dakar) and the small town/village (Fatick).